Liver
SGPT / ALT
Also known as: SGPT, ALT
What it means
An enzyme inside liver cells. Elevated levels mean the liver is stressed or inflamed — common causes are fatty liver, alcohol, or medications.
Typical normal range
10–40 U/L
Reference ranges vary by lab, age, sex, and pregnancy. Always check the range on your own report.
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Related terms in Liver
SGOT / AST
Another liver enzyme, also found in muscles and heart. Usually rises alongside SGPT/ALT when the liver is stressed.
Bilirubin
A yellow waste product the liver clears from your blood. High levels cause jaundice (yellow skin/eyes).
Albumin
The main protein in your blood, made by the liver. Low albumin suggests advanced liver disease, malnutrition, or kidney protein loss.
Total Protein
The sum of albumin + globulin in blood. Doctors use it to screen for liver, kidney, and immune problems.
GGT
A liver enzyme especially sensitive to alcohol use and bile-duct problems. Often rises before other liver enzymes in early damage.
Sources & Standards
The plain-language explanations above draw on published standards from the following bodies. Reference ranges and thresholds vary slightly by lab and demographic — always check the range on your own report and follow your doctor's interpretation.
- World Health Organization (WHO)
Global public-health authority
Global reference ranges and disease classifications.
- Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
India's apex biomedical research body
India-specific clinical guidelines and reference values.
- National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL)
India's lab-accreditation authority
Reference-range framework used by accredited Indian labs.
- NIH / MedlinePlus
US National Institutes of Health patient-education arm
Plain-language descriptions of tests, conditions, and medicines.
We can be wrong. Explanations here are for comprehension only — confirm every decision with your doctor.
This is a plain-language explanation for patients, not clinical advice. AI can be wrong. Always confirm with your doctor.